Was the Milgram Experiment Ethical or Valid free essay sample

In 1961, Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University, conducted an experiment on a group’s obedience to authority. This experiment has encountered intense scrutiny ever since its findings were first published in 1963; many people question the ethics and validity of the experiment. Multitudes of researchers have taken it upon themselves to determine the answers to the questions (McLeod). Based on new guidelines for ethics, Stanley Milgram’s experiment on the obedience to authority was neither ethical nor valid. Controversy in the ethics of the experiment comes from the deception used and psychological harm experienced by some of the participants. Milgram believed that for the experiment to be authentic, deception was inevitable. He also sent out a questionnaire to his participants afterwards to see the effectiveness of the deception. The majority of the participants, 83. 7 percent, stated they were glad they had participated while 1. 3 percent would rather have not taken the experiment. Some of the participants also displayed physical signs of distress, but Milgram stated the symptoms were short term and the participants were better after they had been debriefed about the experiment (McLeod). We will write a custom essay sample on Was the Milgram Experiment Ethical or Valid? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Opponents of the ethics of Milgram’s experiment believe that the amount of stress caused by the experiment deems it unethical (Controversy: Ethics in Experiments). Many participants experienced trembling, stuttering and nervous laughter; three unfortunate people even suffered from seizures (McLeod). Other participants may have had psychological pain knowing they could have killed a person. Questioning themselves over their morals could also lead to emotional distress (Controversy: Ethics in Experiments). The deception was essential part of the experiment, but the emotional distress endured by the participant was excessive. An experiment where a person could have potentially been harmed for a long period of time should never had been performed. The deception of having a person think they killed someone could have lasting effects on their psyche. Milgram observed one participant as â€Å"twitching, stuttering wreck who was rapidly approaching a point of nervous collapse (qtd. In Was Milgram’s Research Ethical). †Most of the participants were happy with the outcome of the experiment, but the potential for lasting psychological damage leads it to be unethical. Based on three sectors of validity, internal, external and environmental, the experiment only accomplished internal validity. Many people question whether the lab setting of the experiment could be transferred to the natural world. These people argue that a participant’s mindset and morals changes as they enter the experimental. This validity question also leads to the external validity question. If people change their actions because they are a part of an experiment, then Milgram could not have reasonably inferred that people would obey the authority figure no matter the cost (Mook, pages 385-386)? The participants could also have realized they were being tricked and could have just played along with the experiment (Orne and Holland). Because internal validity is maintained, some believe Milgram’s experiment is valid. The ability of the test to be replicated accomplishes some internal validity. The setting and the factors tested could easily be tested again by another researcher (Samson, page 8). The questionnaire used by Milgram can also be used to support the experiment’s validity. Considering the participants truly thought that they were tricked, the results of the experiment would not have been tampered with (McLeod). Since Milgram’s experiment is only able to pass one sector of the three sectors of validity, the results of the experiment are not valid. Milgram was unable to test all of the factors of the experiment. He did not allow people to quit the experiment until the fifth time they ask. This act can lead to people believing they have no way out of the experiment. The experiment is biased in that it only has male participants, and Milgram hand selected them (McLeod). Although the experiment can be replicated obtaining internal validity, it is impossible to tell if these are the correct results because Milgram only tested a few factors. This experiment is ultimately unable to be tested because of all the factors that must go into it. No experiment could be produced to accurately test the obedience to authority while maintaining an ethical nature and validity. Milgram’s experiment has faced years of questions of whether it is ethical or valid. The deception and psychological harm in the experiment questions its ethics; the lack of external and environmental validity questions its validity. Although Milgram did maintain internal validity in the experiment, and most of the participants were glad they participated, the experiment in the end was neither ethical nor valid.

King vs. Walker essays

King vs. Walker essays Fear is the essence of the unknown. In an article by Stephan King called Why We Crave Horror Movies, he claims that we all crave an inner fear. He claims that we all crave for the worst, and at times this seems to be a scary truth. However, in an article by Alice Walker, Beauty: When the Other Dancer Is the Self, her fear is of not being accepted by people as an externally beautiful person. Although they may at first seem different, both authors are actually talking in contrast about the same thing. Fear is present in us in two forms: fear of the unknown, which King indulges in his writings, and the fear, which always lives within you whether good or bad as Walker writes about. As King writes, We also go to re-establish our feelings of essential normality; the horror movie is initially conservative, even reactionary. Freda Jackson as the horrible melting woman in Die, Monster, Die! Confirms for us that no matter how far we may be removed from the beauty of a Robert Redford or a Diana Ross, we are still light-years from true ugliness. (456) When we are afraid, it gives us a feeling we experience as false sense of helplessness. We are never helpless. Fear is the decision to relinquish our powers. The relinquishment is always a conscious act. If we subject ourselves to see a horror movie purposefully our reaction is to fear the worst, then afterwards we feel more comfortable because the worst is over. When we prefer to be afraid, it is always because we wish not to be responsible for our actions. I imagine anyone who's enjoyed a Stephen King movie has experienced a similar moment where, if only briefly, horror and reality blur. The unsettling force of King's powers of persuasionmaybe there really are monsters outside the windowmay have sent some readers scurrying back to the more secure, safe place in there lives. Others, like myself, get hooked on the intensity of bei ...

The Line is for the Toe

The Line is for the Toe The Line is for the Toe The Line is for the Toe By Simon Kewin The Washington Times recently printed an editorial about H1N1 flu calling the disease tow-the-line flu. The use of the phrase tow the line is a common mistake; what the paper should have written was toe the line. To toe the line means to conform to some rule or standard, to fall into line. Politicians, for example, often have to toe their party lines. People may imagine that the spelling tow the line is correct as it perhaps derives from some nautical activity. Ropes are often called lines aboard ship and a tow-line is just a line used to tow something on the water. But the phrase is probably nothing to do with ropes. In fact, the exact source is unclear but the phrase is generally taken to derive from the idea of lining up for a sporting activity, i.e. to place your toe on the line for the start of a race. By doing so you are following the rules set out for the activity. There are other theories as to the origins of the phrase. It may derive from boxing, with early prize-fighters having to stand with one foot on a scratched line on the ground to fight. Others have claimed that it derives from the British House of Commons, where lines are marked on the ground to prevent more adversarial debates from getting out of hand. Whatever the true origin of the phrase, the spelling should be toe and not tow. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Fly, Flew, (has) FlownFlied?15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their SynonymsHow to Address Your Elders, Your Doctor, Young Children... and Your CEO

Leishmaniasis Disease Emergence and Re-emergence Analysis Essay

Leishmaniasis Disease Emergence and Re-emergence Analysis - Essay Example In the previous decade, endemic areas have extended, occurrence increased and the substantial unrecorded cases of the disease identified. Leshmaniasis is one of the most significant human vector-borne disorders. Leishmania parasite causes nodules and skin ulcers to individuals. Numerous Leishmania parasites can have an effect on mucous membranes of an individual and may cause nose disfiguration (Ashfold & Bettini, 1987). In addition, other leishmania species may harm the internal body organs of an individual. According to a report by Ready (2010), dogs are the most significant domestic animals in epidemiology of Leishmaniasis. This is because dogs are reservoir hosts for L. Infantum, a significant organism in human visceral Leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is caused by species of leishmania, a protozoan that belongs to the family of Trypanosomatidae. Leishmania genera are divided into two subdivisions that are Leishmania and viannia. These two different types of parasites live and multip ly in the digestive tract of causative agent. The difference between the two sub divisions lies in where they multiply in the digestive system of the causative agent. Human leishmanisis is caused by leishmania which is transmitted between individuals who are reservoir hosts. ... In this regard, the activity of the sand flies intensifies at dawn, dusk and at night when perturbed in their hiding places. Sand flies are always attracted by light at night and enter buildings at night, bite people and cause the spread of Leishmaniasis. Leshmania parasite may also be transmitted by canine fleas and ticks (Ashfold & Bettini, 1987). Ticks are most importantly used to transmit the parasite between dogs. Presently, sand fly transmission seems to have reduced due to the effects of global warming. Global warming has brought changes in the climate which has caused hot regions to be hotter and cold regions to be colder. This change in climate has adversely affected the activities of sand flies whose activities are high when it is cool, humid and fewer rains. Present transmission seems to be done by mammals that can traverse the harsh climatic conditions. Leishmaniasis disease was initially termed as a disease of the rural areas. Presently, large outbreaks have been reporte d in large cities across the world because of encouraging epidemiological conditions linked to the reduction of natural ecological space of the vectors due to droughts, deforestation due to population growth and famine which are effects of climate change (World Health Oragnization, 2009). Mammals can remain infected with Leishmania for long and can still infect with the parasite even after clinical cure. Infected mammals can in turn transmit the parasite to sand flies. Presently, the parasites have been transmitted to people through blood transfusions in dogs and people (Ready, 2010). Leishmaniasis may also be caused by l. infantum which can be transmitted through saliva, semen, urine and conjunctiva secretions and blood. In the contemporary world, the

The Oriole Furniture Inc. (Case Study) Case Study

The Oriole Furniture Inc. ( ) - Case Study Example The sales and production activities of all the three lines are managed by Mr. Mente. Each division’s vice president prepares an annual profit plan, in which the result of estimation for the year has been a profit of $22.7m and the sales volume is $77m. Mr. Menson, the company’s president, has not been satisfied with the submitted profit plan. He wants a profit of $23.9m on a sales volume of $81m. When the actual performance of the division is compared with the budget, Mr. Mente finds that sales remain at 11% below plan and profit is 18% below plan. The challenge before the company is that the division failed to meet the budgeted requirement during the year, and the company may consider action in midyear to ensure it reaches its budget by year-end. What does Mr. Mente need to do? What is he proposing to do about his situation? Mr. Mente should revise the plan to reach up to the new sales budget. He should try to figure out the reason for the difference in actual performa nce with the budgeted performance through a complete analysis of the situation. The reasons he will explain to his top manager for not attaining the expected performance are the tough economic situation and old machineries besides the difficulty in finding good furniture designers. To achieve the company’s profit objectives, Mr. Mente has planned to delay the purchase of some new machinery which costs $500,000 and to forego hiring two new furniture designers. But it is better to replace the old machinery that broke down frequently and led to over time labor, which will decrease the labor efficiency and delayed delivery schedules. This investment, in fact, is an asset for the company and will speed up the production process. He should drop the idea of hiring new furniture designers so that he can save $100,000 in salary expenses. He can give training and counseling to improve the existing workers performance. What are budgets supposed to do and what must Mr. Mente do in the ne xt seven months to (probably) keep his job? Budget is a process of planning the use of resources over a definite period of time. It should motivate individuals to achieve performance levels agreed to and set forth for a better control and coordination of activities, the company may prepare budgets for each and every activity which, in turn, helps in reducing production costs. Mr. Mente has to identify the reason for the variance in actual performance and budgeted performance. Knowing how much is being spent each month will enable him to consider whether further action needs to be taken to spend in future. This process is only worthwhile if the budget is realistic. Analyzing variances against an unrealistic budget is pointless. However, in a well-run organization the comparison between actual costs and budget is used as the means for attaining the set goal. The difference between budget assumptions and actual outcome is the key issue that Mr. Mente faces. He can use variance analysis techniques to solve the issue. Mr. Mente has to start his work from the bottom line. He needs to motivate the personnel and evaluate their performance. The company also needs to invest in better equipment to increase productivity without increasing the cost towards hiring more people. The company also anticipates an increase in price of the raw material up to 6%. So Mr. Mente should ask the factory personnel

Gender Equality in Education: Violence Against Women

Gender Equality in Education: Violence Against Women Gender Inequality in Education: Obstacle for Teachers to Fight Against Violence Nidhi Singh, Shashi Bharti Abstract Violence against women and girls is one of the most systematic and widespread human rights violations. It is rooted in gendered social structures rather than individual and random acts; it cuts across age, socio-economic, educational and geographic boundaries; affects all societies; and is a major obstacle to ending gender inequality and discrimination globally. (UN General Assembly, 2006). Teachers are worshipped as God because the God himself says that the way to reach him is shown by the teachers. In this paper gender inequality is addressed and it is seen that first of all the mindset should be changed that they are not the superior players and they could do anything with anyone and it could be only done by teachers as they will read and try to change the mindset. Census data of Uttar Pradesh is looked up, male and female comparison is done. The latest census data of 2011 is analyzed and it could be said that different scheme are their for the development of females but yet the d evelopment is not up to the mark so how come the violence could be decreased. Keywords: Education, violence, gender inequality, literacy rate and development Introduction Violence against women and girls is one of the most systematic and widespread human rights violations. It is rooted in gendered social structures rather than individual and random acts; it cuts across age, socio-economic, educational and geographic boundaries; affects all societies; and is a major obstacle to ending gender inequality and discrimination globally. (UN General Assembly, 2006) The United Nations defines violence against women as â€Å"any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life† (General Assembly Resolution 48/104 Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, 1993). Teacher are said to be an ideal personality for the development of the nation. A well know proverb is â€Å"Guru Govind dono khade kake lagu paay, Balihari Guru aapki Govind diyo batay.† (Sant Kabir) Kabir wrote this verse to sing the glory of Guru, without whose help, one cannot cross this ocean of worldlylife. He asks, â€Å"If both, Guru and God in form of Govind were to appear at the door, whose feet will I worship first?† He answers, â€Å"It has to be the Guru’s feet first, because without him, how would I have recognized (known) God?† Women constitute nearly half of the population of the world. Education of women is considered an important issue in the development of the society and if society is developed it will take active part in the development of the nation. Women are educated than only they will able to look and fight after the negative issues faced by them in a positive manner. If each and every state of the country is educated then only the overall growth of the country is possible. India comprises of 29 States and 6 Union Territories. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous and 4th largest state of union of India. Uttar Pradesh is located in the northern part of India. The literal meaning of Uttar Pradesh is Northern Province. With the adoption of constitution of republic India on January 26, 1950, the state of Uttar Pradesh, cultural cradle of India, came into existence. On November 9, 2000, Uttar Pradesh was divided into two states – Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal (later renamed as Uttarakhand) resulting in drastically altering the shape of the state. Lucknow is the administrative and legislative capital of the state while Kanpur is the financial and industrial capital. There are in total 71 districts in this state. Today scenario it this as female are taking active part for their empowerment but after 15 years it will change a lot means the issues will increase and when one grows at an age of 21 she will have to face too many issues because it will change more fast. The figures stated are government figures and they are politically influenced and not real figures. Tangible perception is different from reality and how this global change is taking place females have to work harder to match up with it. Addressing Gender Inequality to Decrease Violence Educational reforms can play an important role in preventing violence against women by increasing school safety, by empowering women through education, and by promoting better attitudes and practices among students with regard to women’s human rights. Gender inequality and discrimination are root causes of violence against women, influenced by the historical and structural power imbalances between women and men which exist in varying degrees across all communities in the world. Violence against women and girls is related to their lack of power and control, as well as to the social norms that prescribe men and women’s roles in society and condone abuse. Inequalities between men and women cut across public and private spheres of life, and across social, economic, cultural, and political rights; and are manifested in restrictions and limitations on women’s freedoms, choices and opportunities. These inequalities can increase women’s and girls’ risks of abuse, violent relationships and exploitation, for example, due to economic dependency and limited survival and income-earning options, or discrimination under the law as it relates to marriage, divorce, and child custody rights. Violence against women and girls is not only a consequence of gender inequality, but reinforces women’s low status in society and the multiple disparities between women and men. (UN General Assembly, 2006) Women Education Prospects and Challenges Women Education is necessary because if a women is educated she would be able to empower herself for her rights, fight against discrimination, able to take decision concerning herself, contribute to economic growth of nation, will be able to face all scientific and technological changes and will participate in world politics. In spite of all these knowledge and different programs running at Central and State level the Literacy Growth of female is not up to the mark in Uttar Pradesh as per the rules of National Planning Commission. In India literacy rate is calculated if the person is able to read and write but the actual scenario is totally different because literacy is not just reading and writing but one should be able to understand all perspect. The Literacy rate of females of rural area was 36.90 percent in 2001 and 53.65 percent in 2011 which is low as compared to literacy rate of females in urban areas which was 61.73 percent in 2001 and 69.22 in 2011. Gender Inequality is seen clearly in Uttar Pradesh as per the Census data of 2011 which shows that 77.28 percent of male are literate as compared to female is 57.18 percent. TABLE 1 LITERACY RATE OF UTTAR PRADESH (PERCENTAGE-WISE) YEAR MALE FEMALE 1951 19.2 4.1 1961 32.1 8.4 1971 35.0 11.2 1981 46.7 16.7 1991 54.8 24.4 2001 70.2 43.0 2011 77.3 57.2 Source: Different sources Note: The literacy rate for year before 1981 was calculated for aged 5 year and above and from 1981 to 2011 it was calculated for 7 year and above. The above Table shows that how the literacy rate had been increased from 12.2 percent to 56.27 percent which is nearly 5 times increment but yet it is not up to the mark. The increase in male percentage is just 4 times which as compared to female is low because female percentage has risen from 4 to 57 which is a good sign but yet it’s below male percentage. This shows that still many females are unable to go to school i.e. the thought of gender inequality is there. So to bring equality for the developed India lot of work is to be done so that ther should be no thought of difference between male and female and violence could be decreased. Secondly it could be clearly seen that female are unable to go to school for the basic education that how could teachers could take active part to make them aware and ready to face any kind of violence that take place with them. TABLE-2: DISTRICT WISE MALE AND FEMALE LITERACY IN UTTAR PRADESH AS PER 2011 CENSUS SL.NO DISTRICT MALE LITERACY FEMALE LITERACY 1 Saharanpur 79.77% 63.30% 2 Muzaffarnagar 79.11% 60.00% 3 Bijnor 78.70% 61.45% 4 Moradabad 66.83% 49.63% 5 Rampur 63.10% 46.19% 6 Jyotiba Phule Nagar 76.53% 53.77% 7 Meerut 82.91% 65.69% 8 Baghpat 84.17% 61.22% 9 Ghaziabad 88.16% 81.42% 10 Gautam Buddha Nagar 90.23% 72.78% 11 Bulandshahr 82.52% 56.60% 12 Aligarh 80.24% 57.48% 13 Mahamaya Nagar 83.83% 60.79% 14 Mathura 84.39% 58.93% 15 Agra 78.32% 59.16% 16 Firozabad 83.08% 64.80% 17 Mainpuri 86.93% 68.35% 18 Budaun 62.39% 41.76% 19 Bareilly 69.47% 50.35% 20 Pilibhit 73.46% 52.43% 21 Shahjahanpur 70.09% 51.73% 22 Kheri 71.58% 52.62% 23 Sitapur 72.61% 52.80% 24 Hardoi 77.20% 59.17% 25 Unnao 77.06% 58.54% 26 Lucknow 84.27% 73.88% 27 Rae Bareli 79.39% 58.06% 28 Farrukhabad 79.34% 60.51% 29 Kannauj 82.36% 64.46% 30 Etawah 87.64% 71.16% 31 Auraiya 87.37% 71.97% 32 Kanpur Dehat 85.27% 68.48% 33 Kanpur Nagar 85.07% 76.89% 34 Jalaun 84.89% 63.88% 35 Jhansi 86.58% 64.88% 36 Lalitpur 76.41% 52.26% 37 Hamirpur 81.27% 57.19% 38 Mahoba 77.72% 54.65% 39 Banda 79.38% 54.95% 40 Chitrakoot 77.42% 54.03% 41 Fatehpur 78.69% 57.76% 42 Pratapgarh 85.29% 60.99% 43 Kaushambi 75.35% 50.76% 44 Allahabad 85.00% 62.67% 45 Bara Banki 72.49% 54.10% 46 Faizabad 80.21% 60.72% 47 Ambedkar Nagar 83.95% 64.62% 48 Sultanpur 81.99% 60.17% 49 Bahraich 60.23% 40.76% 50 Shrawasti 59.55% 37.07% 51 Balrampur 61.66% 40.92% 52 Gonda 72.23% 49.13% 53 Siddharthnagar 73.79% 49.61% 54 Basti 80.65% 58.35% 55 Sant Kabir Nagar 80.72% 56.99% 56 Mahrajganj 77.62% 50.14% 57 Gorakhpur 84.38% 61.54% 58 Kushinagar 80.10% 54.74% 59 Deoria 86.07% 61.34% 60 Azamgarh 83.08% 62.65% 61 Mau 84.61% 65.59% 62 Ballia 85.19% 61.72% 63 Jaunpur 86.06% 61.70% 64 Ghazipur 85.77% 62.29% 65 Chandauli 83.58% 63.07% 66 Varanasi 85.12% 68.20% 67 Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi) 83.87% 57.79% 68 Mirzapur 80.83% 58.77% 69 Sonbhadra 77.19% 54.11% 70 Etah 83.21% 61.72% 71 Kanshiram Nagar 72.91% 50.20% Source: http://updateox.com/india/district-wise-male-female-literacy-rate-in-india-2011-census/ 22nd February 2014 time: 8:16 P.M The above table shows that there is a vast difference between the male female literacy rates of U.P and if this rate is analyzed on the basis of urban and rural population is would be looked that female literacy is very low in rural areas. Guatam Budh Nagar has highest literacy of male i.e nerly 90 percent and the female literacy there is 72 percent, the difference in the same area is so much and lowest in Shrawasti district which is 60 percent and there female literacy is 37 percent, the difference is too much. In case of female highest is in Ghaziabad i.e. 81 percent and there male literacy is 88 percent and lowest in Shrawasti district where female literacy 37 percent and male literacy 60 percent hence it could be seen that the difference is vast which arises the case of gender inequality. Until and unless the thought of gender inequality could be withdrawn from the mind of the people of society it would be tough to decrease the violence against women. So, it could be said that te achers should take active part in bringing people to come to school as it could be clearly seen that the difference between male female literacy is vast, and make them aware that there is no such thought of gender inequality and train them to reduce violence and fight against violence if they come to see anywhere. Conclusion â€Å"If you educate a man you educate an individual, however, if you educate a woman you educate a whole family. Women empowered means mother India empowered†. PT. JAWAHARLAL NEHRU. Education is the main source to develop a healthy mindset to face all the good and bad things in the society. Women should be educated so that they could be able to discriminate the up and downs they come to face. Gender inequality should be treated well because if the thought of who is at a superior position should be erased from the mindset than the violence should be automatically decreased. Teachers should take active part in bringing female to the schools and make them aware of the negativities of the societies. Different program’s are being ruined by government for the development of female but yet they are not sufficient some more action should be taken. References Bhandari, S., An Analysis of Women Education In India, Education Confab, Vol.3, No.2, February 2014, ISSN; 2320-009X dated: 23rd February 2014, 5:10 P.M Ending Violence against Women and Girls Programming Essentials, 7 June 2013- http://www.endvawnow.org/uploads/modules/pdf/1372349234.pdf Engendering Empowerment: A companion volume to the E4 conferences: http://www.ungei.org , United Nations Girls’ Education Initiative April 2012 Final Population Total Chapter 7, Census of India 2001- http://upgov.nic.in/upecon.aspx dated: 23rd February 2014, 2:29 P.M Population Stabilization in Uttar Pradesh India Past, Present and Future Directions- www.gillespiefoundation.org/uploads/UP_Report_Total_Pages.pdf‎ Provisional Population Totals Chapter 7, Census of India 2001 , Series 1, India, Paper 1 of 2001 Seven stories http://www.region7saicenters.org/saidocuments/Seven Stories.pdf Shah, R.N., Literacy Rate in India, International Journal of Research in all Subjects in Multi Languages, Vol. 1, Issue:7, October 2013 , ISSN: 2321 – 2853 State Highlights (Executive Summary)- censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results//UP/6-exe-summery-9-11.pdf‎ SUGUNA, M., Education And Women Empowerment In India, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, Vol.1 Issue 8, December 2011, ISSN 2231 5780 United Nations General Assembly. 2006. In-Depth Study on All Forms of Violence against Women: Report of the Secretary General. A/61/122/Add.1. United Nations, New York. February 2010- http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/vaw/v-sg-study.html Uttar Pradesh: The State Profile, December 2011, PHD Chamber Of Commerce and Industry Why violence against women and girls happens, and how to prevent it by Michael Flood , August 2007- www.youthforequality.com/education/censusdataaboutliteracy.pdf http://updateox.com/india/district-wise-male-female-literacy-rate-in-india-2011-census/ dated: 22nd February 2014, 8:16P.M. http://www.upefa.com/upefaweb/indexmain.php?do=menu2lmid=3 dated: 23rd February 2014, 11:12 A.M http://upgov.nic.in/upecon.aspx dated: 23rd February 2014, 2:29 P.M http://www.mapsofindia.com/india-demographics.html dated: 22nd February 2014 at 2:34 A.M http://www.census2011.co.in/census/state/uttar+pradesh.html, dated: 23rd February 2014, 5:10 P.M http://www.womenempowermentinindia.com/ dated: 19th February 2014, 6:30 P.M

So I Was Having This Conversation

It is unavoidable. It is there in every prospect Of life. How can you expect a person to remain the same forever? Are you the same person you were last year? No! This second is different from the previous one. Change it is such a dangerously beautiful word. A word that is welcome and unwelcome at the same time. We eagerly wait for summer to change into winter but we cannot bear the thought of our friends changing their style of speaking or music etc. I love change. It keeps a person unique and fresh. I think people should accept change.There is no old you or new you it is you in a different aspect. I think people dot like change because t interrupts with the stability of life. If suddenly you were to come home and find your mom dancing instead of preparing your lunch you would question her sanity – â€Å"mom what are you doing? † But why can't we accept that she too needs a break? I think people who can accept change are the most brave and most open-minded people. Peopl e who swore to me that they would always be here left me saying – â€Å"you've changed. But I found people who accept me change or no change. â€Å"l am like the scorching heat that changes into the piercing cold which I turn change into the pitter patter of falling raindrops. I am like the flower that changes from a bud into a flower a caterpillar into a butterfly. I am like the snake that shed its skin and grows every year.